What is Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, part of a group of conditions known as motor system disorders. This particular disease targets certain nerve cells (neurons) in the section of the brainstem called the substantia nigra where a neurochemical messenger called dopamine is produced. Typically, dopamine transmits signals within the brain to help coordinate normal balance and body movement. When the neurons in the substantia nigra are damaged, the production of dopamine is greatly reduced which, in turn, causes the circuit of nerve cells in the deep parts of the brain called the basal ganglia to fire out of control and eventually die. As a result, normal movement is disrupted and muscle control is lost, resulting in symptoms such as tremors, rigidity and difficulty in walking and keeping balanced.

The precise reason these neurons degenerate is not known, though most scientists believe that Parkinson’s disease is a result of genetic mutation, environmental toxicity, drugs, and/or head trauma.

All medical information contained in this Web site is for general information only. Parkinson’s Benefactors does not advocate, promote or recommend any specific drug therapy or course of treatment. Treatment decisions related to Parkinson's disease or any other medical condition should be made in consultation with the patient's doctor or other qualified medical professionals.